Merrimack Indoor Air Quality Services

2. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

VOCs are a group of chemicals that easily become vapors or gases. They are emitted by a variety of products and activities:

• Cleaning Products: Many household cleaners contain VOCs that can be released into the air during and after use.
• Paints and Solvents: VOCs are present in many paints, varnishes, and solvents.
• Building Materials: Materials such as plywood, particleboard, and some types of insulation can emit VOCs.
• Air Fresheners: Many air fresheners and scented products release VOCs.
• Office Equipment: Printers and copiers can emit VOCs during operation.

3. Biological Contaminants

Biological contaminants include microorganisms and organic matter that can cause health issues:

• Mold and Mildew: Fungi that grow in damp areas can release spores into the air, leading to respiratory issues and allergies.
• Bacteria and Viruses: These can be spread through the air from infected individuals or contaminated surfaces.
• Dust Mites: Microscopic mites that thrive in household dust can cause allergic reactions.
• Pollen: In addition to being a particulate, pollen is also a biological contaminant that can trigger allergies.

4. Chemical Contaminants

Chemical contaminants can come from a variety of sources and include:

• Carbon Monoxide (CO): A colorless, odorless gas produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, CO can be deadly in high concentrations.
• Radon: A naturally occurring radioactive gas that can seep into homes from the ground, radon exposure is a leading cause of lung cancer.
• Asbestos: Once commonly used in building materials, asbestos fibers can cause serious lung diseases when inhaled.
• Pesticides: Chemicals used to control pests can linger in indoor air and on surfaces.

5. Combustion Byproducts

These are generated from the burning of materials and include:

• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂): Produced by gas stoves, heaters, and tobacco smoke, NO₂ can irritate the respiratory system.
• Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂): Released from burning fossil fuels, SO₂ can cause respiratory problems and other health issues.
• Carbon Dioxide (CO₂): While not toxic at typical indoor levels, elevated CO₂ levels can indicate poor ventilation and contribute to discomfort.

6. Lead

Lead particles can be a significant contaminant in homes, especially those built before 1978 when lead-based paints were common. Lead exposure can cause serious health problems, particularly in children.

7. Ozone

While beneficial in the upper atmosphere, ozone at ground level is a harmful pollutant. It can be produced by certain air purifiers and electronic devices and can cause respiratory issues and other health problems.