Merrimack Indoor Air Quality Services

Indoor air quality (IAQ) is crucial for maintaining a healthy living environment, as poor air quality can lead to various health problems. Several common airborne contaminants can affect IAQ, and being aware of them can help you take steps to mitigate their impact. Here are some of the most prevalent indoor air contaminants in Merrimack homes:

1. Particulate Matter (PM)

Particulate matter consists of tiny particles suspended in the air, which can be inhaled into the lungs. These particles can originate from various sources:

• Dust: Common household dust includes skin cells, fabric fibers, and other microscopic debris.
• Pollen: Pollen from plants can enter homes through open windows and doors, especially during allergy seasons.
• Pet Dander: Shed from the skin, fur, and feathers of pets, dander can be a significant allergen.
• Smoke: Tobacco smoke and smoke from cooking or candles can contribute to indoor particulate matter.
• Soot: Produced from combustion processes like burning wood in fireplaces or stoves.

2. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

VOCs are a group of chemicals that easily become vapors or gases. They are emitted by a variety of products and activities:

• Cleaning Products: Many household cleaners contain VOCs that can be released into the air during and after use.
• Paints and Solvents: VOCs are present in many paints, varnishes, and solvents.
• Building Materials: Materials such as plywood, particleboard, and some types of insulation can emit VOCs.
• Air Fresheners: Many air fresheners and scented products release VOCs.
• Office Equipment: Printers and copiers can emit VOCs during operation.

3. Biological Contaminants

Biological contaminants include microorganisms and organic matter that can cause health issues:

• Mold and Mildew: Fungi that grow in damp areas can release spores into the air, leading to respiratory issues and allergies.
• Bacteria and Viruses: These can be spread through the air from infected individuals or contaminated surfaces.
• Dust Mites: Microscopic mites that thrive in household dust can cause allergic reactions.
• Pollen: In addition to being a particulate, pollen is also a biological contaminant that can trigger allergies.

4. Chemical Contaminants

Chemical contaminants can come from a variety of sources and include:

• Carbon Monoxide (CO): A colorless, odorless gas produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, CO can be deadly in high concentrations.
• Radon: A naturally occurring radioactive gas that can seep into homes from the ground, radon exposure is a leading cause of lung cancer.
• Asbestos: Once commonly used in building materials, asbestos fibers can cause serious lung diseases when inhaled.
• Pesticides: Chemicals used to control pests can linger in indoor air and on surfaces.

5. Combustion Byproducts

These are generated from the burning of materials and include:

• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂): Produced by gas stoves, heaters, and tobacco smoke, NO₂ can irritate the respiratory system.
• Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂): Released from burning fossil fuels, SO₂ can cause respiratory problems and other health issues.
• Carbon Dioxide (CO₂): While not toxic at typical indoor levels, elevated CO₂ levels can indicate poor ventilation and contribute to discomfort.

6. Lead

Lead particles can be a significant contaminant in homes, especially those built before 1978 when lead-based paints were common. Lead exposure can cause serious health problems, particularly in children.

7. Ozone

While beneficial in the upper atmosphere, ozone at ground level is a harmful pollutant. It can be produced by certain air purifiers and electronic devices and can cause respiratory issues and other health problems.